Spring processing of the garden, the first processing of the garden in spring

Garden processing in spring: Spring garden processing, processing of garden and fruit trees

With warming, fruit crops and shrubs wake up, plants are preparing for a new harvest season. At the same time, overwintered larvae and insects wake up inside the soil and bark, which eat fresh leaves, buds, fruits, and suck out nutrient fluids.

Spring processing of the garden from wintering pests is included in the mandatory list of farmers. It protects crops from the harmful effects of rodents, fungal infections and bacteria. Gardeners use the easiest way to fight - spraying with special substances that have a biological or chemical basis.

The maximum effect of preventive measures can be obtained if the spring processing of the garden and vegetable garden is carried out at the right time. For example, before opening buds or after flowering.

Spring pest control - how to defeat the main threats to young plants

Chemical preparations help reduce damage to trees and minimize negative effects, increase the fertility of garden species, and preserve their decorative effect.

The main threat is:

• Insects. They accumulate in the areas of the stalk and shoots to suck the succulent fluids from the plant. Spider mites harm the leaves, the scale insect removes moisture from the bark. Cherries, showers, apple trees suffer from aphid attacks.
• Fungi. They reproduce on young plants and on dead parts (fallen branches, dried roots, fallen off bark).
• Viruses. Viral diseases are spread by aphids, they infect living cells and lead to gradual deterioration of the fruit crop.
• Gnawing insects. A variety of caterpillars hatch from eggs left in the autumn in the bark and upper layers of the soil. Adults eat new leaves and flower buds, then form cocoons for pupation.

Processing the garden in the spring helps to get rid of infections and bacteria, reduce the negative impact of impurities, depleted soil, too high or low air temperatures. Insects hide not only on trunks: they use humus and tops for overwintering, so farmers should carry out a comprehensive cleaning of trees and shrubs, as well as soil and nearby grass.

It is quite possible to eliminate the threat while the organisms are in a dormant state - the first warm weeks. It is much more difficult to remove adults or a spreading disease, more drugs and strength are needed.

The first spring treatment of the garden from pests

When to start cleaning the site - the weather will tell. In some years, the heat comes earlier, in others the cold lingers until April, so it is important to watch the average daily temperature. If during the day and at night the indicators do not fall below 0, activities can begin.

Before applying fungicides, clean the area:

1. gently shake off the snow from the branches so as not to damage the young shoots;
2. cut dry and broken branches;
3. clean off lichens, growths and mosses from the trunk with a stiff brush;
4. process stem circles;
5. inspect the crown for traces of parasites;
6. whitewash the trees.

Temperature fluctuations are still strong and can cause sunburn. During the day, the trunk is heated and warmed up, frost hits at night - the unevenly heated bark begins to crack. To cope with cracks that can get into infections, whitewashing allows.

The garden is processed in the spring with copper sulfate and a solution of slaked lime. Substances have a detrimental effect on pests, infections and fungi. They quickly cope with eggs and larvae wintering inside the trunk. Whitewash saves young seedlings with thin bark from burns and cracking.

Staged processing of the garden in the spring

Each type of insect wakes up at its own time, fungi and bacteria are also activated at different times. Therefore, it will not be possible to process horticultural crops and get rid of pests at a time - gardeners are recommended to carry out eradication activities in several stages.

You should be guided by the weather, because in the southern and northern regions the temperature is different. It is also important to monitor the development phase of trees and shrubs, to take into account the activity of diseases.

First spraying on bare tree

It is carried out to destroy waking organisms with the first warm days. When the snow has completely melted, the average daily temperature is kept at 4 degrees, and the buds are still closed, farmers begin pest control measures.

The spring treatment of the garden with Bordeaux liquid, a three percent mixture, begins. It helps to eliminate pathogens, prevent monilial burn, leaf curl, rotting, scab, black cancer. In addition to the Bordeaux mixture, apply:

• Urea (carbamide);
• Inkstone;
• Horus;
• Pharma Iodine;
• Nitrofen.

Substances do not harm dormant buds, do not affect the ability of the crop to bear fruit, but effectively deprive fungal spores and parasite larvae. Plants with wilted ends of branches should be carefully sprayed - these are traces of moniliosis that affects stone fruits.

Gardening with iron sulphate in the spring attacks parasite nests. In addition to the cleansing action, it has a beneficial effect on the health of plants - it saturates with iron, which is necessary for the ripening of healthy fruits.

Second spraying on the green cone

Subsequently, pests that feed on young leaves wake up. They destroy swollen and bursting kidneys, they are cone-shaped and bright green in color.

The apple flower beetle attacks the buds to lay eggs in them - leaves and flowers do not bloom from such buds. If drops of juice appeared on the kidneys, it means that the flower beetle began to feed on the liquid of the tree.

Insecticides help to cope with insects, they are effective against tsvetoid and aphids. Parasites do not have time to get used to the substance and die, gardeners manage to save the crop.

Spring treatment of trees with a Bordeaux mixture is aimed at destroying fruit rot, spotting, and scab. A one percent liquid substance is easily sprayed onto the branches. Oksihom, Skor, Fufanon, Inta-Vir also help. You can strengthen protection with trapping belts attached to the trunk to catch and hold insects. Pheromone traps catch females seeking to lay eggs in the bark.

Third spraying on the rose bud

The shortest stage, which is important for farmers not to miss if they have not previously carried out a spring treatment of the garden from pests and diseases. Each culture deserves close attention, because the timing of swelling and opening of buds in plants varies.

Apple codling moths are a separate danger. Parasites fly, lay eggs near unopened flowers or the buds themselves. As a result, a wormy fruit develops, the crop deteriorates.

The main thing is to have time to spray the crown, branches and trunks to open the buds, otherwise you can damage the flowers and harm the fruits. Popular preparations for spring garden processing at this step:

• Batrider - copes with scale insects, flower beetles, thrips, aphids, whites, leafworms, long-nosed, moths. One application is enough for preventive and therapeutic measures.
• Prophylactin Light - affects wintering mites, sucker, false shield, aphids, moths, leaflets. It works at low temperatures from +4°C, forms a thin film on the trunks, which blocks access to oxygen for harmful microorganisms.
• Rayek - effective against powdery mildew. Helps prevent disease and reduce infestation if pests have entered the fruit crop. Does not wash off with rainwater.
• Bordeaux mixture is a fungicide for spring garden processing. Protects against columnar rust, marsupial and pathogenic fungi, rot.

If the temperature exceeds 12°C, then biological preparations can be used. In cold weather from +1 to +6°C, chemicals should be used.

Fourth spray after flowering

The bees pollinated the flowers, the petals withered or fell off, small fruits are tied on the branches - the time of the final stage. Should be carried out within three weeks after the end of flowering. At the moment, the plants are being attacked again by moniliosis and codling sprouts.

Spring processing of the garden after flowering is carried out by Gerold and Raek. The drugs work against caterpillars and butterflies, codling moth, powdery mildew, scab. Means do not harm the emerging fruits.

Tools for spring processing of the garden with biological products

It is difficult to personally apply the solution to the whole tree, especially a tall or large crown. Fatigue and hard work entail uneven coverage of branches with protective agents, and as a result, they leave without a crop.

Professional horticulturists apply solutions with sprayers, equipment designed to quickly disinfest crops. The flow evenly covers twigs, leaves, buds, allows you to get to hard-to-reach areas.

There are several types of sprayers:

1. Petrol or motor sprayer. Provides high spray range. It will help to process the area, the area of ​​which exceeds 1 hectare.
2. Rechargeable. Sufficiently capacious, contains a lot of solution and is suitable for disinfestation of areas up to 1 ha.
3. Manual, hydraulic or lever. It has a small tank volume, designed for yards and small fruit plantations.

Processing the garden in the spring from pests and diseases is carried out in a special protective suit, if it is not there, you need to find gloves and goggles so that the funds do not get on open skin.